oppressed

词义说明

本义指因外力重压而身体受困，引申为社会或权力层面的压制。核心义项有二：其一，指人因被剥夺权利、遭受暴政而处于屈从状态，如“oppressed people”；其二，指心理上感到压抑、沉重，如“felt oppressed by the heat”。引申关系清晰：从物理重压延伸到抽象统治，从外在压迫延伸到内心感受。

词根溯源

源自拉丁语 opprimere，由 ob-（朝、向）和 premere（压）构成，本义为“向…压去”。经古法语 oppresser 进入英语。记忆时可拆为 op-（加强）+ press（压），想象反复施压使人无法抬头。

适用语境

常见于历史、政治、社会学的学术文本，描述族群或阶级的系统性不公；也出现在新闻报道中，指涉人权问题；文学作品中用作突出人物心理状态。日常口语中较少使用，正式演讲或严肃讨论中语气沉重。在商务或法律场合几乎不用。

语法要点

作形容词时，常作表语或定语，如“the oppressed”指一类人。作动词时，oppress 是及物动词，后接宾语，如“oppress the weak”。过去分词形式也常用，如“They were oppressed by high taxes.”。易错点：勿与“oppressed”混淆“pressed”（仅为物理按压），前者隐含道德谴责。

近义比较

“oppressed”强调长期、系统性的不公，而“suppressed”侧重暴力压制信息或活动；“repressed”则多用于心理机制，指压抑欲望或记忆。“persecuted”指因信仰、种族等受迫害，比“oppressed”更强烈。选词时看压迫来源：制度性选 oppressed，临时镇压选 suppressed，内心压抑选 repressed。

使用注意

语域较高，属于正式书面语，带有强烈同情或批判色彩，慎用于轻描淡写。常见误用为过度滥用，削弱其严重性，例如将轻微不便描述为“oppressed”。避免与“depressed”（抑郁）混淆。

常见搭配

• oppressed people
• oppressed minority
• feel oppressed
• oppressed by poverty
• liberate the oppressed
• the oppressed and the oppressor
• oppressed under a dictatorship

句子示例

1. The oppressed peasants finally rose up against the tyrant.受压迫的农民最终起义反抗暴君。
2. She felt oppressed by the constant surveillance in the office.她对办公室里持续的监视感到压抑。
3. The regime oppressed all forms of dissent.该政权压制一切异议。
4. Throughout history, many oppressed groups have fought for their rights.历史上，许多受压迫的群体为自身权利而斗争。
5. The heat oppressed the city dwellers during the summer.夏季的酷热使城市居民感到难受。