本义为“疯狂地、狂乱地”,源自形容词 frantic(狂乱的、疯狂的),强调因极度情绪(如焦虑、恐惧、兴奋)而失去控制的状态。引申义有二:一是“慌乱地”,指因紧急或危险而手忙脚乱,如“frantically searching for keys”(慌乱地找钥匙);二是“拼命地”,指为了达到目的而竭尽全力、不顾一切,如“frantically trying to finish the report”(拼命赶报告)。核心是“情绪驱动下的急切行为”,从原始疯狂感延伸到可控的但高度紧张的行为。
常见于日常口语和文学作品,描述人物在紧张情境下的动作,如“She waved frantically.”(她疯狂地挥手)。在新闻报道中用于描述灾难或紧急事件中人们的反应,如“Rescuers worked frantically to save survivors.”(救援人员拼命抢救幸存者)。在学术写作中较少使用,因其主观性强;商务邮件中偶见,但多用于描述紧迫任务,如“We are frantically preparing for the audit.”。正式法律文本中几乎不用。语气上,口语中略带夸张,书面语中则强调紧急和不遗余力。
语法要点
副词,修饰动词,通常置于动词之后或句首。不用于比较级或最高级。常见句型:主语 + 动词 + frantically,如“He searched frantically.”;或句首作状语,如“Frantically, she tried to open the door.”。易错点:不要与形容词 frantic 混淆(如“He was frantic”而非“He was frantically”);也不要用作名词或动词。搭配上常与表示动作的动词连用,如 search, wave, work, try 等。
语域中等,适用于口语和书面语,但正式学术或法律文本中避免使用。褒贬色彩中性偏贬,因暗示失控或慌乱。常见误用:将其当作形容词(如“He was frantically”错误,应为“He was frantic”);或与 desperately 混用,虽然有时可互换,但 frantically 暗示更明显的肢体动作。此外,在正式写作中,若需客观描述,可用“with urgency”替代。
常见搭配
search frantically
wave frantically
work frantically
try frantically
look frantically
run frantically
phone frantically
句子示例
She waved frantically at the taxi to stop.她拼命向出租车挥手,想让它停下。
The crew worked frantically to repair the leak before the ship sank.船员们拼命修补漏洞,以免船只沉没。
He searched frantically for his passport, but it was nowhere to be found.他慌乱地找护照,但哪儿也找不到。
Frantically, she typed out the emergency message.她慌乱地打出紧急信息。
The fans cheered frantically as the band came on stage.乐队登场时,歌迷们疯狂地欢呼。