字部百科英语

aware of

英 /əˈweər əv/美 /əˈwɛr əv/

adj. 短语(表语形容词 + 介词)

意识到的;知道的;察觉到的

词义说明

aware of 的核心含义是“意识到、知道”,强调通过感官或心智活动对某事物产生认知。其本义是“用眼睛或感官察觉到”,如“I was aware of a strange smell.”(我察觉到了一股怪味。)引申义则更偏向“对抽象事物的认知”,如对问题、风险、情感等的了解,如“She is aware of the risks.”(她意识到风险。)再进一步引申,可指“对自身或他人状态的自知”,如“He is aware of his own limitations.”(他清楚自己的局限。)总之,从具体感知到抽象认知,aware of 覆盖了从感官到理智的认知范围。

词根溯源

aware 源自古英语 gewær,意为“警惕的、有意识的”,与古撒克逊语 giwar、古高地德语 giwar 同源,最终可追溯至原始日耳曼语 *ga-waraz,其中 waraz 与“注意、保护”相关。现代英语中,aware 常与 of 搭配,构成系表结构。记忆时,可将其与 beware(小心)、wary(警惕的)联系,它们共享词根 war-,都有“注意”的含义。

适用语境

aware of 广泛用于多种语域。在学术写作中,它常用来表明研究者对相关文献或局限性的认知,如“The author is aware of the limitations of this study.”(作者清楚本研究的局限性。)在商务邮件中,它常用于礼貌地确认信息,如“Please be aware of the new policy.”(请注意新政策。)日常口语中,它表示对日常事物的察觉,如“I wasn't aware of the time.”(我没注意到时间。)新闻报道中,它用于强调公众对事件或风险的认知,如“The public is now aware of the dangers.”(公众现在意识到了危险。)法律文本中,它常出现在“knowingly and intentionally”等表述中,强调主观明知。整体上,aware of 语气中性,正式程度中等,在不同场合下均适用。

语法要点

aware of 是形容词短语,通常作表语(predicative),即与系动词 be、become、seem 等连用,后接名词、代词或动名词。例如:“She is aware of the problem.” / “He became aware of someone watching him.”。注意:aware 后不能直接接 that 从句,但可用“aware that”结构,此时省略 of,如“She was aware that she was late.”。易错点:aware of 后接动名词时,介词 of 不可省略,如“He is aware of being watched.”(他意识到被监视。)另外,aware 一般不用作定语(如不能说 an aware person),但可用“awareness”作名词。

近义比较

aware of 与 conscious of 常可互换,但 conscious 更强调内心或感官的清醒觉察,如“He was conscious of a sharp pain.”(他感到一阵剧痛。)而 aware of 更侧重基于信息或经验的认知。know 更直接,表示“知道事实”,如“I know the answer.”,而 aware of 则强调“意识到”,可能并非深入了解。realize 表示“意识到”的瞬间动作,如“I realized I had made a mistake.”,而 aware of 是状态。sensible of 较正式,且多指情感上的感知,如“He was sensible of her kindness.”(他感受到她的好意。)选择时,若强调感官察觉,用 conscious;若强调认知状态,用 aware;若强调事实掌握,用 know。

使用注意

aware of 语域中性,适用于正式与非正式场合,但相对书面化。无褒贬色彩,仅表达认知状态。常见误用包括:一是将其用作定语,如“an aware person”应为“a person who is aware”;二是混淆 aware of 和 aware that,后者后接从句;三是遗漏介词 of,直接跟宾语,如“aware the issue”是错的。另外,注意与 beware of 区分,beware of 是动词短语,意为“当心”,如“Beware of the dog.”。

常见搭配

句子示例

  1. She was fully aware of the consequences of her actions.她完全清楚自己行为的后果。
  2. I became aware of a strange noise coming from the basement.我察觉到地下室传来一阵奇怪的声音。
  3. The company is aware of the need to reduce its carbon footprint.公司意识到需要减少碳足迹。
  4. Please be aware that the meeting has been rescheduled.请注意会议已改期。
  5. He is not aware of how much his words hurt her.他没有意识到自己的话有多伤害她。

延伸词汇

字母邻近

最近更新